EPOXI: 103P/Hartley 2 Observations From a Worldwide Campaign.
K. J. Meech, M. F. A’Hearn, P. Bacci, J. Bai, L. Barrera, J. M. Bauer,
B. Bhatt, L. Bin, N. Biver, D. Bockeleé-Morvan, D. Bodewits,
H. Bohnhardt, J. Boissier, B. P. Bonev, W. Borghini, J. R. Brucato,
E. Bryssink, M. W. Buie, H. Canovas, D. Castellano, S. B. Charnley,
W. P. Chen, P. Chiang, Y.-J. Choi, D. J. Christian, Y.-L. Chuang,
A. L. Cochran, P. Colom, M. R. Combi, I. M. Coulson, J. Crovisier,
M. Delbo, N. Dello Russo, K. Dennerl, K. DeWahl, M. A. DiSanti, M. Facchini,
T. L. Farnham, Y. Fernández, H. G. Florén, U. Frisk, T. Fujiyoshi, R. Furusho,
T. Fuse, G. Galli, D. A. Garciá-Hernández, A. Gersch, Z. Getu, E. L. Gibb,
M. Gillon, E. Guido, R. A. Guillermo, P. Guiterrez, E. Hadamcik, O. Hainaut,
H. B. Hammel, L. Hao, D. E. Harker, J. K. Harmon, W. M. Harris, P. Hartogh,
M. Hashimoto, B. Hausler, T. Herter, A. Hjalmarson, S. T. Holland, M. Honda,
E. S. Howell, N. Howes, H. H. Hsieh, H.-Y. Hsiao, D. Hutsemékers,
S. M. Immier, W. M. Jackson, S. V. Jeffers, E. Jehin, S. Jianchun, Y. Jinsheng,
T. J. Jones, M. de Juan Ovelar, H. M. Kaluna, T. Karlsson, H. Kawakita,
J. V. Keane, M. S. Kelley, L. Kolokolova, D. Kinoshita, N. N. Kiselev,
J. Kleyna, M. M. Knight, H. Kobayashi, H. A. Kobulnicky, M. Kuppers,
M. Kreiny, Y.-J. Kuan, J. M. Lacruz, W. B. Landsman, L. M. Lara, A. Lecacheux,
J. Licandro, R. Ligustri, Z.-Y. Lin, M. Lippi, D. C. Lis, C. M. Lisse,
S. C. Lowry, S. Lundin, K. Maggee-Sauer, P. Magin, J. Manfroid,
E. Mazzotta Epifani, A. McKay, M. D. Melita H. Mikuz, S. N. Milam, G. Milani,
M. Min, W. Ming, R. Moreno, B. E. A. Mueller, M. J. Mumma, M. Nicolini,
M. C. Nolan, H. L. Nordh, P. B. Nowajewski, Odin Team, T. Ootsubo, L. Paganini,
C. Perrella, J. Pittichová, E. Prosperi, Y. L. Radeva, W. T. Reach,
A. J. Remijan, M. Rengel, T. E. Riesen, M. Rodenhuis, D. P. Rodríguez,
R. W. Russell, D. K. Sahu, N. H. Samarasinha, A. Sánchez Caso, A. Sandqvist,
G. Sarid, M. Sato, D. G. Schleicher, E. W. Schwieterman, D. Shenoy, Y. Shinnaka,
J. Skvarc, C. Snodgrass, M. L. Sitko, S. Sonnett, S. Sosseini, G. Sostero,
S. Sugita, B. M. Swinyard, S. Szutowicz, N. Takato, P. Tanga, P. A. Taylor,
G.-P. Tozzi, R. Trabatti, J. M. Trigo-Rodriguez, C. Tubiana, M. de Val-Borro,
B. Vandenbussche, J. Vaubaillion, F. P. Velichko, S. F. Velichko,
R. J. Vervack Jr., M. J. Vidal-Nunez, G. L. Villanueva, C. Vinante,
J.-B. Vincent, L. H. Wasserman, J. Watanabe, H. A. Weaver, P. R. Weissman,
M. Wolf, S. Wolk, D. H. Wooden, C. E. Woodward, M. Yamaguchi, T. Yamashita,
B. Yang, T. Zenn, D. K. Yeomans, H. Zhao, and J. E. Ziffer.
ApJ Letters, 734, 1 (2011).
ABSTRACT
Earth- and space-based observations provide synergistic information for
space mission encounters by providing data over longer timescales, at
different wavelengths and using techniques that are impossible with an
in situ flyby. We report here such observations in support of the EPOXI
spacecraft flyby of comet 103P/Hartley 2. The nucleus is small and dark,
and exhibited a very rapidly changing rotation period. Prior to the onset
of activity, the period was ~16.4 hr. Starting in 2010 August the period
changed from 16.6 hr to near 19 hr in December. With respect to dust
composition, most volatiles and carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios, the
comet is similar to other Jupiter-family comets. What is unusual is the
dominance of CO2-driven activity near perihelion, which likely persists
out to aphelion. Near perihelion the comet nucleus was surrounded by
a large halo of water-ice grains that contributed significantly to the
total water production.
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