Authors: Anita Cochran, Harold Levison, Alan Stern, & Martin Duncan

Status: 1995, Ap. J. Lett, 455, 342.

Abstract: We report the statistical detection (at the >99% confidence level) of a population of 28th magnitude objects exhibiting proper motions of ~1 arcsecond per hour at quadrature in deep HST/WFPC2 images. The drift directions imply a preponderance of objects on prograde orbits concentrated near the ecliptic plane. We interpret this as the detection of objects which reside in the Kuiper belt near or beyond the orbit of Neptune, comparable in size to comet 1P/Halley (radii ~10 km for an albedo of 4%). Our observations imply a population of ~25,000 objects per square degree with V<28.6. This must be viewed as a lower limit until our search of parameter space is complete. Our observations imply that there are > 200 million objects of this size in the Kuiper belt with inclinations <12 degrees and within ~40 AU of the Sun.

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